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6 months agoI can answer the 2nd, but also curious about the first.
HIV transmits easiest through blood, so if two people both bleed during intercourse, that gives a much higher transmission rate.
Same reason why it has a higher transmission rate among gay men.
Edit: did some extra research, its not just because of blood, also other fluids make transmission easier through thin rectal tissue. So the gayen part doesn’t really apply

As someone with several close Russian friends, on of whom just had a baby, doing this would suck, a lot.
Most already can’t go to Russia themselves, this would cut them off from their families completely.